201 Stainless Steel vs. 316 Stainless Steel

Jane

When choosing the right stainless steel for your project, it is essential to understand the difference between 201 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel. Both types of stainless steel are used in a wide variety of applications due to their durability and corrosion resistance. However, they differ greatly in composition, cost, and performance in specific environments.

201 Stainless Steel Composition and Properties

201 stainless steel is part of the 200 series and features a lower nickel content, which is replaced by additions of manganese and nitrogen. This change in composition not only makes it less expensive, but also changes some of its mechanical properties.

Chromium: 16-18%

Nickel: 3.5-5.5%

Manganese: 5.5-7.5%

201 stainless steel is known for its high formability and strength, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, especially in environments where the threat of corrosion is not severe.

316 Stainless Steel Composition and Properties

316 stainless steel is part of the 300 series of stainless steels and is often referred to as marine grade stainless steel due to its enhanced corrosion resistance. This superior corrosion resistance is primarily due to the addition of molybdenum.

Chromium: 16-18%

Nickel 10-14%

Molybdenum: 2-3%

High contents of nickel and molybdenum not only increase the corrosion resistance of the alloy, but also make it stable under the influence of thermal changes.

Corrosion Resistance Comparison: 201 Stainless Steel vs. 316 Stainless Steel

201 stainless steel has poor corrosion resistance to chloride and other halide solutions, making it less suitable for environments where it is frequently exposed to such chemicals, such as coastal areas or de-icing salts.

316 stainless steel contains molybdenum, which significantly enhances its corrosion resistance. This property is particularly beneficial in environments exposed to salt water environments, chemical solvents, and various acids.

Cost Analysis of 316 stainless steel and 201 stainless steel

201 stainless steel is known for its lower nickel content, which significantly reduces its cost, making it an attractive option for projects with tight budgets.

316 stainless steel is more corrosion resistant due to its higher nickel content and molybdenum additions. While the upfront cost is higher, its long life and durability reduce long-term costs by reducing the need for maintenance and replacement.

Application and service life of 316 stainless steel and 201 stainless steel

201 stainless steel is suitable for high temperature environments, indoor furniture, cookware and hose clamps. Its higher manganese content reduces the nickel content, making it cost-effective. 201 stainless steel is more susceptible to corrosion in harsh environments. This characteristic can translate into a shorter service life in certain applications, especially where the material is frequently exposed to corrosive elements.

316 stainless steel is ideal for marine environments, chemical processing equipment, and pharmaceutical applications. Enhanced corrosion resistance makes it suitable for harsh environments. 316 stainless steel contains molybdenum, which significantly increases resistance to chlorides and other industrial solvents. This makes it an excellent choice for applications such as marine environments or pharmaceutical processing where higher corrosion resistance is required.

Read more: 304 and 316 Stainless Steel Pipes, Which One is Better?